- Specialised cells are adapted for a specific function e.g. root hair cell, red blood cell

- Cells > tissues > organs > systems > organism

- Diffusion = movement of particles from a region of high concentration to low concentration e.g. alveoli

- Mitosis = asexual reproduction. Daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes as parent cells

- Meiosis = sexual reproduction. Daughter cells (gametes) have ½ the number of chromosomes as parent cells